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Ethernet FAQs

Hardware FAQs

How does the PIC18F97J60 produce a frequency of 41.667 MHz with an input of 25 MHz from the crystal?

The PIC18F97J60 takes an input of 25 MHz and produces two frequencies

  1. 25 MHz for the Ethernet module, and
  2. 41.667 MHz for the microcontroller block using the internal PLL block

Please refer to the Oscillator Configuration section in the PIC18F97J60 data sheet for further details.

There are two stickers on the bottom side of the board; one of these stickers says "25867". What does this mean?

This number represents the second half of a MAC address in decimal form. Converting “25867” to hex yields 00-65-0B. The first half of the MAC address for the board is 00-04-A3, which is Microchip’s OUI. Both together form a unique MAC address 00-04-A3-00-65-0B which can be used to configure the setting in TCPIPConfig.h file.

What cable should I use?

There are two kinds of Ethernet cable—straight-through (patch) and crossover. When connecting an embedded device directly to another embedded device (or a PC to a PC), a crossover cable must be used, while a straight-through cable must be used when connecting an embedded device or a PC to a hub/switch/router. Some new PCs, switches, and routers may have a feature called auto-medium dependent interface crossover (MDIX), which automatically detects the cable type and corrects the differential pair's connection inside the equipment.

What care should be taken to prevent Link termination on my board?

  1. The internal analog circuitry in the PHY module requires that an external resistor be attached from RBIAS to ground. The value required is dependent on the device, check data sheet and errata documents for the required value. The resistor influences the TPOUT+/- signal amplitude. It should be placed as close as possible to the chip with no adjacent signal traces to prevent noise-capacitive coupling into the pin. It is recommended that the resistor be a surface mount type.
  2. The transformers should have at least the isolation rating as specified in the datasheet to protect against static voltages and meet IEEE® 802.3 isolation requirements.
  3. Verify that the proper external clock frequency and ppm rating is used for the Ethernet PHY. For ENC28J60, ENCx24J600, and PIC18F97J60 family, the crystal should be a 25 MHz, 50 ppm parallel cut crystal.

What is a MAC address and how do I go about getting one?

The MAC address is a 48-bit or 64-bit Identifier (EUI-48™ & EUI-64™ node address) that provides the physical address of network hardware devices. An Ethernet MAC address has 48 bits, and every device must have its own unique MAC address. The first 24 bits of a MAC address are the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI). A MAC address is formed by concatenating an OUI with another 24-bit number, the Extension Identifier (EI). A company can purchase an OUI number directly from IEEE at http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/index.shtml. Another option is to request for an Individual Address Block (IAB), but you will only get 4,096 unique addresses to use, versus 224 (over 16 million) different addresses when using an OUI.

OR

You can purchase our EUI-48 enabled MAC address chips. We do all of the above to offer a hassle free, easy access and low-cost solution. These plug-and-play MAC address devices come with 1.5 Kb serial EEPROM space and are available in SPI, I2C and UNI/O® buses. They can be purchased as and when needed, and there are no volume requirements. These devices are also EUI-64 compatible.

OR

Some devices, such as the PIC32, ENC424J600 and ENC624J600 10/100 Ethernet controllers, come with MAC addresses already pre-programmed.

What RJ45 connectors are recommended?

Some of the common RJ45 connectors recommended are:

  • Bel Stewart 08B0-X1T-36-F
  • Pulse JP011821UNL

What testing tools/equipment are necessary?

When troubleshooting an Internet application, it is critical to be able to monitor network transactions to find out what is going on. Wireshark (www.wireshark.org) is a network protocol capture/analyzer tool that is powerful and easy to use with filtering capability and it is free. If you need to test your product for IEEE 802.3 compliance, take a look at the Interoperability Laboratory at the University of New Hampshire (IOL-UNH). There's no official IEEE 802.3 test compliance program, but the IOL-UNH testing service has become the industry's de facto test house.

Will plugging in a 10BASE-T Ethernet device into a 100BASE-TX Ethernet network slow the network down?

If the network administrator takes care to configure the 10 BASE-T nodes as a sub-network behind a switch or router, the speeds are auto negotiated and therefore do not degrade the performance of the 100 BASE-TX network.

Software TCP/IP FAQs

How many bytes are occupied by the layers that are implemented in the TCP/IP stack?

The web pages that are stored in the External EEPROM and then retrieved from the EEPROM or the Program memory to display on the PC over Ethernet has a link to “Stack Footprint”. This “Stack Footprint” can be used to understand the footprint occupied by the Layers.

The same web page can be retrieved from the web pages folder in the TCPIP Demo App folder which is in the Microchip Solutions folder in your C drive.

What application layer protocols are supported by TCP/IP stack?

As of April 2012, the TCP/IP Stack has implemented the following Application Layer Protocols:

  • HTTP, SSL, FTP, TFTP, SMTP, Telnet, DHCP, DNS, SNMP (v2c, v3), NetBIOS, Boot loader, Ping, NBNS, SNTP and UART Bridging

Apart from this, the following Transport Layer Protocols are implemented

  • TCP, UDP and ICMP

The following Internet and Network Access layer Protocols are implemented:

  • ARP and IPv4/v6

What are the compilers that I can use to compile the TCP/IP stack?

The TCP/IP Stack can be compiled using the following compilers:

  • C18 Compiler if a 8-bit PIC® MCU device is selected.
  • C30 Compiler if a 16-bit PIC MCU or dsPIC® DSC device is selected.
  •  XC32 Compiler if a 32-bit PIC MCU device is selected

For more information please visit www.microchip.com/XC

What is a TCP/IP stack?

Communication over the Internet is accomplished by implementing the TCP/IP protocol. We offer a free TCP/IP software stack optimized for all our 8-/16-/32-bit MCU families. The stack is a suite of programs that provide services to all TCP/IP-based applications. Users do not need to know all the intricacies of the TCP/IP specifications in order to use it. Based on the TCP/IP Reference Model, the stack is divided into multiple layers, where each layer accesses services from one or more layers directly below it. Per specifications, many of the TCP/IP layers are “live”, in the sense that they not only act when a service is requested, but also when events like time-out or new packet arrival occurs. The stack is modular in design and is written in the ‘C’ programming language.

DOWNLOAD the latest stack that has been released by Microchip.

What is the cost of the TCP/IP stack?

We provide a TCP/IP stack for PIC18, PIC24, PIC32 and dsPIC families that is both royalty-free and in source code format. We offer full source code and royalty free as long as the code runs on a PIC MCU. Visit our TCP/IP Stacks page to download the TCP/IP stack and get more information about the stack layers.

Where can I find the information on the boards supported by the stack and on enabling/disabling the boards?

Which files should be modified in the TCP/IP stack to implement selected protocols for my application?

The stack has define statements with which you can select the appropriate protocol files for your applications. Depending on the selection here, the files related to different protocols are either selected or not.

Ethernet Products

View All Parametrics
Product Status 5K Pricing CPU Type Architecture CPU Speed (MIPS/DMIPS) Program Memory Size (KB) Auxiliary Flash (KB) Multiple Flash Panels Code-Guard Security RAM (KB) Data EEPROM/HEF (Bytes) Max I/O Pins Pincount Brown-Out Reset Low Voltage Detection Power On Reset Watch Dog Timer Internal Osc better than 1% accuracy Hardware RTCC/RTC Direct Memory Access Channels Low Power Vbat/Vddbu battery backup Number of Comparators Comparator max speed (ns) Number of ADCs ADC Input Max ADC Resolution (Bits) Max ADC Sampling Rate (ksps) Hardware Cap Voltage Divider Number of DACs DAC Outputs Max DAC Resolution (Bits) Internal Voltage Reference (Bandgap) Number of Op Amps CTMU test UART SPI I2C I2S Configurable Logic Cell (CLC/CCL) Peripheral Trigger Generator Peripheral Pin Select / Pin Muxing Number of USB Modules USB Interface Number of CAN Modules LIN SENT IrDA Capture / Compare/PWM (CCP) Enhanced Capture/Compare/PWM (ECCP) Single output CCP (SCCP) Multiple output CCP (MCCP) Standalone Output Compare/ Standard PWM Motor Control PWM Outputs SMPS PWM Outputs Input Capture Max PWM outputs (including complementary) Number of PWM Time Bases PWM Max Resolution (Bits) PWM Resolution (ns) Class B Safety Library Quadrature Encoder Interface Segmented LCD Graphics Controller/GPU Crypto Engine Parallel Port Max 8-Bit Digital Timers Max 16-Bit Digital Timers Max 32-Bit Digital Timers CRC Temp Range Min Temp Range Max Operation Voltage Min (V) Operation Voltage Max (V) Packages
ATSAMA5D225C-D1M In Production $7.35 Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 90 196 Yes Yes Yes 51 Yes Yes 1 5 12 1000 Yes 9 7 7 2 Yes 2 High Speed 1 Yes Yes 5 8 5 13 9 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 5 Yes -40 85 3.1 3.4 196/TFBGA
ATSAMA5D27C-D1G In Production $10.69 Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 128 289 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 10 7 7 2 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 8 6 14 10 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 6 Yes -40 85 1.1 1.32 289/TFBGA
ATSAMA5D27C-D5M In Production $9.17 Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 128 289 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 10 7 7 2 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 8 6 14 10 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 6 Yes -40 85 1.1 1.32 289/TFBGA
ATSAMA5D27C-LD1G In Production $11.32 Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 128 361 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 10 7 7 2 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 8 6 14 10 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 6 Yes -40 85 1.1 1.32 361/TFBGA
ATSAMA5D27C-LD2G In Production $13.46 Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 128 361 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 10 7 7 2 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 8 6 14 10 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 6 Yes -40 85 1.1 1.32 361/TFBGA
ATSAMA5D27-SOM1 In Production $29.40 Cortex-A5 32 785 8000 No 128 103 176 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 5 12 1000 Yes 9 7 7 2 Yes 2 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 5 8 5 13 9 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 5 Yes -40 85 3.1 3.4 176/MODULE
ATSAMA5D27-WLSOM1 In Production $44.84 Cortex-A5 32 785 8000 No 128 94 188 Yes Yes Yes 51 Yes Yes 1 6 12 1000 Yes 5 2 1 2 Yes 2 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 5 8 5 13 9 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 5 Yes -40 85 3 5.5 188/Module
ATSAMA5D28C-D1G In Production $17.13 Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 128 289 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 10 7 7 2 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 8 6 14 10 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 6 Yes -40 85 1.1 1.32 289/TFBGA
ATSAMA5D28C-LD1G In Production Call for pricing Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 128 361 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 10 7 7 2 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 8 6 14 10 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 6 Yes -40 85 1.1 1.32 361/TFBGA
ATSAMA5D28C-LD2G In Production Call for pricing Cortex-A5 32 785 0 No 128 128 361 Yes Yes Yes 51 No Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 10 7 7 2 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 8 6 14 10 32 3 2 Yes Yes EBI 4 6 Yes -40 85 1.1 1.32 361/TFBGA
SAM9X60 In Production $4.56 ARM926 32 660 0 No 68 112 228 Yes Yes Yes 51 Yes Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 13 6 13 1 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 0 6 10 10 32 5 2 Yes Yes EBI 0 6 No -40 105 1.02 1.21 228/TFBGA
SAM9X60D1G In Production $8.72 ARM926 32 660 0 No 68 112 233 Yes Yes Yes 51 Yes Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 13 6 13 1 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 0 6 10 10 32 5 2 Yes Yes EBI 0 6 No -40 85 1.02 1.21 233/TFBGA
SAM9X60D5M In Production $7.28 ARM926 32 660 0 No 68 112 233 Yes Yes Yes 51 Yes Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 13 6 13 1 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 0 6 10 10 32 5 2 Yes Yes EBI 0 6 No -40 85 1.02 1.21 233/TFBGA
SAM9X60D6K Samples Available $6.10 ARM926 32 660 0 No 68 112 196 Yes Yes Yes 51 Yes Yes 1 12 12 1000 Yes 13 6 13 1 Yes 3 High Speed 2 Yes Yes 6 0 6 10 10 32 5 2 Yes Yes EBI 0 6 No -40 85 1.02 1.21 196/TFBGA
AT32UC3A0128 In Production $6.21 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 128 0 No None 32 0 109 144 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No EBI 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP, 144/TFBGA
AT32UC3A0128AU In Production Call for pricing 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 128 0 No None 32 0 109 144 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No EBI 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 Please call for package information
AT32UC3A0256 In Production $7.62 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 256 0 No None 64 0 109 144 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No EBI 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP, 144/TFBGA
AT32UC3A0256AU In Production Call for pricing 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 256 0 No None 64 0 109 144 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No EBI 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 Please call for package information
AT32UC3A0512 In Production $8.18 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 64 0 109 144 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No EBI 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP, 144/TFBGA
AT32UC3A0512AU In Production Call for pricing 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 64 0 109 144 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No EBI 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 Please call for package information
AT32UC3A1128 In Production $5.57 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 128 0 No None 32 0 69 100 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No No 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 100/TQFP
AT32UC3A1256 In Production $6.84 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 256 0 No None 64 0 69 100 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No No 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 100/TQFP
AT32UC3A1256AU In Production Call for pricing 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 256 0 No None 64 0 69 100 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No No 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 Please call for package information
AT32UC3A1512 In Production $8.06 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 64 0 69 100 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No No 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 100/TQFP
AT32UC3A1512AU In Production Call for pricing 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 64 0 69 100 Yes Yes No Yes 15 No No 0 0 1 8 10 384 False 1 2 16 Yes 0 No 4 6 1 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 0 No Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 13 0 0 0 False 0 0 No No No 0 3 0 No -40 85 0 0 Please call for package information
AT32UC3C0128C In Production $6.42 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 128 0 No None 36 0 123 144 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 20 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No EBI 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP
AT32UC3C0256C In Production $7.89 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 256 0 No None 68 0 123 144 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 20 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No EBI 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP
AT32UC3C0512C In Production $9.30 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 68 0 123 144 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 20 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No EBI 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP
AT32UC3C0512CAU In Production Call for pricing 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 68 0 123 144 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 20 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No EBI 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 Please call for package information
AT32UC3C0512C-AUTOMOTIVE In Production Call for pricing 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 68 0 123 144 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 20 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No EBI 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP
AT32UC3C064C In Production $6.43 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 64 0 No None 20 0 123 144 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 20 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No EBI 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 144/LQFP
AT32UC3C1128C In Production $6.10 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 128 0 No None 36 0 81 100 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 19 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No No 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 100/TQFP
AT32UC3C1256C In Production $7.36 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 256 0 No None 68 0 81 100 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 19 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No No 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 100/TQFP
AT32UC3C1512C In Production $8.68 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 68 0 81 100 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 19 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No No 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 100/TQFP
AT32UC3C1512C-AUTOMOTIVE In Production $8.54 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 512 0 No None 68 0 81 100 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 19 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No No 0 6 0 No -40 85 0 0 100/TQFP
AT32UC3C164C In Production $5.50 32-bit AVR MCU 32 91 64 0 No None 20 0 81 100 Yes Yes No Yes 16 No No 4 96 1 16 12 2000 False 2 4 12 Yes 0 No 5 7 3 1 0 False Yes 1 Device + OTG 2 Yes Yes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 19 0 0 0 False 2 0 No No No 0 6 0 No -40 85